| Uzay Yolculuğu |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
September 4, 2007
Can Petunias Cure Cancer?
By GS Early
Five years ago, the most respected US scientific magazine in the world--Science--called RNA interference (RNAi) the breakthrough technology of the year. And it was only about three years before that when the magazine published a paper about a radically new mechanism that cells can use to control protein production that was discovered by plant geneticists David Baulcombe and Andrew Hamilton.
Double-stranded RNA has an almost mystical ability to efficiently and potently silence any gene in plants, worms, fruit flies, or (most recently) mice. What Baulcombe and Hamilton discovered in plants was then reproduced a couple years later in mammals by Tom Tuschl at the Max Planck Institute in Germany, using mice. In essence, you could use short interfering RNA strands (siRNA) and stop specific genes from reproducing.
While the initial work was done simply to see if you could alter purple petunias’ gene sequence to get a more purple petunia, the experiment moved in a different direction and RNAi was discovered. From there, science has gotten to the point where most biomedical scientists would likely say RNAi is one of the most significant discoveries in medicine in decades.
Simply put, being able to silence genes effectively means you can stop many cancers from growing. Can you imagine stopping malignant cancers in their tracks? How about stopping and destroying tumors, especially inoperable tumors? That’s the kind of thing we’re talking about here. The implications are huge.
Every major pharmaceutical company is searching out development partnerships with small specialized firms that are already populating the RNAi niche. Most of the firms are developing unique methods of getting the siRNA to the target cells. But this is a mad race for capitalization as well. That means some of these firms are looking for investors but don’t really have much of a business plan.
I checked out a few Web sites and some of the companies talk about RNAi but don’t go into what their product is or how it works. Or, more importantly, they don’t explain why their products are so unique that absorb all the demand or even stifle any second wave competition. Just being first in Food and Drug Administration (FDA) trials doesn’t mean your product is the best or that your company is worthy of a super-premium buyout.
Below are a few links to some companies I've found in this niche sector. The first one, Starpharma (www.starpharma.com), has been a favorite of mine for some time, and I cover it in my paid service Real Nanotech Investor. The second company, Alnylam (www.alnylam.com), is something I just stumbled upon as I was doing research for this article, but its pedigree is intriguing and may be worth some serious interest. But I’m going to have to take some more time with it.
As for the latter two, Intradigm (www.intradigm.com) and Calador Pharmaceuticals (www.caladorpharmaceuticals.com), have hit at least my yellow flags. The former’s claim to fame is its first in trials in the RNAi sector. The latter has licensed technology from the California Institute of Technology for development in the field and is partnered with Arrowhead Research, a publicly traded nanotech aggregator.
Green is Gold!
By GS Early
Much of the world looks to Davos, Switzerland for the shape of economic things to come.
Global warming simmered as an issue during this year’s World Economic Forum.
"Green" investments are poised to explode, turning average investors on Main Street into multi-millionaires. Don't miss the boom in alternative energy stocks!
My next 40-bagger is a leading developer, manufacturer and supplier of electric vehicles, bringing the world’s finest zero-emission vehicles to you.
Click here for my free report: The Nanotech Energy Revolution
www.realnanotechinvestor.com/ninsepfourth
While they both have solid partners, their strategies articulated very well, which either means they haven’t really thought about how they’re going to pull off the business side, or they’re just hoping someone will dump a lot of money in their laps for being at the right place at the right time.
The reason I like Starpharma in this space is because it's not selling siRNA technology, it's selling delivery vehicles for RNAi. Its dendrimers make uniquely appealing delivery devices for siRNA.
You see, the biggest problem with RNAi as it stands now is the siRNA isn't very consistent in its gene silencing abilities and it doesn't always make it to its intended site before the body's natural defenses sense an intruder and destroy it. Nanotech is extremely helpful in fashioning particles that are small enough to go undetected by most immune system defenders. Getting the siRNA to be more consistently effective may take more time.
I was on a flight once with an epidemiologist from a leading university who specialized in studying worms and flies. It may seem tedious, but because their life cycles are so short, they genetically modify in weeks what it would take decades to observe in human genetic transformation. Plus, much of the initial research in siRNA was done on worms. His take was while there's much promise, siRNA is very fragile, and until siRNA can become more robust or dropped in "behind the lines," this whole RNAi thing may simply be a tempest in a teapot.
Either way, it's a moot point for Starpharma, since it's simply selling dendrimers to the researchers who are looking for the most effective way to deliver RNAi. This lab business will be booming, especially because initial studies indicate that dendrimers are very good at getting their payload--in this case siRNA--to where it has to go in the body because the body's immune system doesn't view dendrimers as outside invaders.
This is a boon to RNAi researchers since they can stop worrying about the delivery challenge to RNAi therapy and concentrate on siRNA efficacy. For Starpharma and other dendrimer manufacturing firms, this means lots of new business and a growing long-term client list.
Expect to hear more about siRNA or RNAi coming years, but don't get caught up in the hype. This is at best five to 10 years out, so any company you plan to invest in now is going to be a development-stage company for a while. That means you have some time to see how the landscape develops for this "miracle cure."
Don't get greedy--you're not going to miss the boat on this one, especially if you already know the story.
For more information on siRNA and RNAi, please visit The National Cancer Institute's Web site and check out the Journal of the National Cancer Institute.
GS Early is editor of Nanotech Investor News. |
|
Nanotech Investor News is a bi-weekly e-zine written by GS Early and published by KCI Communications, Inc. In addition to writing Nanotech Investor News, GS Early is executive editor at KCI Communications, Inc.
Change e-mail preferences here | Contact Us
Copyright 2007
KCI Communications, Inc.
A new Nanowerk Spotlight
"Nanotechnology risks - where are we today?"
is available on the Nanowerk website at
http://www.nanowerk.com/spotlight/spotid=2570.php
New technology, whether it is a novel cancer treatment or an innovative
approach to making a new material, almost always comes with risk.
Nanotechnologies are no different. Certain nano-fabrication techniques
employ toxic chemicals, the production of carbon nanotubes results in
dangerous byproducts, and the big question as to what degree certain
engineered nanoparticles could be harmful to humans and the environment has
not been answered yet. The potentially adverse health effects of fine and
ultrafine particles have been studied for decades. However, at the core of
the nanotoxicological debate is the fact that nanoparticles are not just a
smaller version of certain particles, but they are very different from their
everyday counterparts with regard to their physical properties and catalytic
activities. Thus their adverse effects cannot simply be derived from the
known toxicity of the macro-sized material. One useful contribution to
moving the nanotoxicology discussion further along came from the 1st Nobel
Forum Mini-Symposium on Nanotoxicology that was held in Stockholm, Sweden.
The event's program was devoted to the topic of definitions and
standardization in nanotoxicological research, as well as nano-specific risk
assessment and regulatory/legislative issues. A group of international
experts presented examples of recent and ongoing studies of carbon-based
nanomaterials, including single-walled carbon nanotubes, using a wide range
of in vitro and in vivo model systems. This Spotlight will provide you with
some highlights and conclusions from this exciting meeting.
|
Laser surgery in wrong hands can be dangerous
NEW YORK (CNN) -- The laser surgery business is booming for treatments like hair, tattoo and wrinkle removal.
Julie Pak gets laser treatment from a doctor, eight years after she says she was scarred by earlier treatment.
In 2005, the last year recorded, the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery said its members performed nearly 1 million such procedures, about 300,000 more than in 2003.
Board certified dermatologists, however, are not the only ones operating lasers on skin. Laser treatments are offered at local beauty salons, and are also a big part of the medical spa industry, which has grown by 160 percent in the last three years, according to the International Medical Spa Association.
The association says a medical spa operates under the full-time, on-site supervision of a licensed health care professional. It offers traditional, complementary and alternative health practices and treatments in a spa-like setting.
Some doctors are concerned that while these high-tech devices can produce amazing results, in the wrong hands, the outcome can be horrifying.
Bakanlık: "Lida ilacını kesinlikle kullanmayın"
 Sağlık Bakanlığı, Farmalife adlı firma yetkilisinin, zayıflamaya yardımcı iddia edilen yosun içerikli Lida isimli ilacın "güven içinde kullanılabileceğine" ilişkin yaptığı açıklama üzerine, "bu ilacın kesinlikle zararlı olduğu ve kullanılmaması" açıklaması yaptı.
Sağlık Bakanlığı, Farmalife adlı firma yetkilisinin 26 Eylül günü yaptığı basın toplantısında, Bakırköy Cumhuriyet savcılığı'nın kovuşturma yapılmasına gerek olmadığı yolundaki kararını gerekçe göstererek, vatandaşların Lida'yı güven içinde kullanabilecekleri ve ilacın eczanelerde satılabileceği yönündeki beyanlarının üzerine yazılı açıklamayla bu ilacı kullananları uyardı.
Bakanlık açıklamada, Bakanlığımız Refik saydam Hıfzısıhha Merkezi Başkanlığı'nın 25.9.2007 tarihli analiz raporunda Farmalife firmasına ait Lida Dai Dai Hua Capsules ürününün numunesinde "N-mono-desmetilsibutramin" adlı bileşiğin bulunduğu bildirilmiştir. Tarım ve Köy işleri Bakanlığı'nın kontrol belgelerini iptal ettiği, son yapılan analizde bir sibutramin türevi olan "N-mono-desmetilsibutramin" tespit edilen Lida, sağlığa zararlı olma özelliği dolayısıyla kesinlikle kullanılmamalıdır. İl Sağlık müdürlüklerimiz ve Türk Eczacıları Birliği'ne gönderilen çok acele kayıtlı yazılar ile eczanelerde kesinlikle bu ürününü satışının yapılması ve olan ürünlerin derhal toplatılması talimatı verilmiştir" denildi.
Woman loses 95 pounds, trains for marathons
Kelly Pless weighed 220 pounds at her heaviest. She lost 95 pounds through diet and exercise.
For most of her adult life, the 31-year-old graduate student from Sunny Isles Beach, Florida, has struggled with her weight. She started gaining as a teenager and by the time she graduated from high school, she was carrying 215 pounds on her 5' 2" frame.
Prom, she says, was a nightmare.
"I had to go to three different stores to buy a dress," Pless said. "I had to buy the biggest, also the ugliest, prom dress the store had because it was the only one that would fit."
After high school, she lost 50 pounds. But because she hadn't done it in a healthy way, her weight crept back up to 220 pounds.
At 28, she started having trouble breathing and doctors told her the weight was to blame. She reached her breaking point.
"I remember being heavy and feeling like being fit just wasn't something I could be," said Pless. "I remember feeling like even if I tried, it wasn't something my body was capable of."
Despite her doubts, Pless decided to do something. Fortunately she didn't have to look far for inspiration.  See before and after weight loss photos from CNN.com I-Reporters »
"My manager at the Kennedy Space Center ran marathons, and he was the same age as my father," she said. Because her own father had diabetes and was in poor health, he seemed much older, she said.
Over the next three to four months, she began walking, without any real goal or expectation. Pless believed that if she just focused on eating less and moving more, everything would fall into place.
"At first, it was hard to start exercising because I was worried people would make fun of me," Pless said. "But then I just told myself, if that's the worst that could happen ... I just got out there and didn't care."
Eventually, she started to run or "shuffle" as she jokingly recalls. She also adopted an "eat to live" philosophy and satisfied her cravings for sweets by eating lots of fruit.
"I changed how I felt about food and what it meant to me," said Pless, who occasionally indulges in a bite of birthday cake or a piece of chocolate.
"One of the first things I cut out was cakes and cookies. That was my weak spot. After a few months of cutting those things out, I focused more on portion control," said Pless. "I pretty much eat when I'm hungry and don't eat when I'm not and really try to pay attention to when those times are. Make sure I'm not eating out of boredom or [at] social events, I try to make sure I'm not overeating, just because everyone else is."  Kelly Pless shares her weight loss secrets »
Pless pays close attention to societal pressure, which she believes is the reason many people overeat. Restaurant servings are about three times bigger than a normal portion size, she says. She makes sure she doesn't overeat when dining out simply because the food is there.
"What's hard is to change how you feel about foods that you love or that aren't necessarily good for you, or actually change how you look at food. That was the hardest part for me."
Instead of giving in to the temptation or convenience of calorie-laden or fatty foods such as cheeseburgers from the drive-through, Pless asks herself, "What do I really want to eat? Or, what does my body really want right now?"
All of the hard work and determination paid off. Pless has lost 95 pounds and kept it off for 1½ years. As a result, she says, she's healthier and more confident.
She's also set a new professional goal -- to pursue a doctorate in food and exercise psychology -- so she can help others who are battling obesity and eating disorders.
"[The] negative side to weight loss is that people treat people differently. Being fat was a good filter -- I'm automatically treated better by people because I'm thinner. Society is so hard on people who are overweight or obese," said Pless. "Now, those people think I'm funnier or smarter."
Pless runs about 40 miles a week while she trains for two marathons she plans to run this winter. The first is in November in Las Vegas, Nevada, and the second is in Miami, Florida, in January.
Alcohol and breast cancer: Weigh your risks
A 2000 study found that red wine drinkers had half the risk of dying from heart disease as nondrinkers.
So what's a girl to do about her nightly glass of wine?
The short answer is, you have to judge for yourself, based on your health and your family medical history. Keep in mind that heart disease is the leading killer of women; in fact, women are six times as likely to die of heart disease as breast cancer.
According to the new research, drinking just one to two drinks a day increases a woman's risk of breast cancer by 10 percent. Make that three or more drinks a day, and the risk triples to 30 percent.
Researchers at Kaiser Permanente analyzed data on the drinking habits of 70,033 women of various races and backgrounds. They were trying to determine whether the type of alcohol or just the amount a woman drinks impacts her breast cancer risk. Lead researcher, Dr. Yan Li, says they discovered "it makes no difference if a woman drinks wine, beer or liquor -- it's the alcohol itself and the quantity consumed" that is critical. In fact, drinking three or more drinks a day may translate into an extra 5 percent of all women developing breast cancer as a result of heavy drinking.
Alcohol, not just red wine, has been shown to help your heart in several ways: by raising your HDL or "good" cholesterol, lowering blood pressure and preventing the formation of blood clots. Watch to learn more about the new research »
Red wine gained its "heart healthy" reputation after a Danish study in 2000 found red wine drinkers had half the risk of dying from heart disease as nondrinkers. However, other studies on the subject have been mixed. Researchers suspect that if red wine holds a benefit it may come from flavonoids and antioxidants, which help protect the lining of blood vessels in the heart. Resveratrol is one such antioxidant that's gotten a lot of attention because some researchers believe it may reduce LDL, or "bad" cholesterol, and prevent blood clots.
While this is compelling, the American Heart Association says more research is needed. Until then they do not recommend drinking wine or any other alcohol just for these benefits.
As for why heavy alcohol use seems to be raising a woman's risk for breast cancer -- that's a mystery. "We would love to know why," Dr. Li says, but she and her colleagues believe there is evidence that alcohol could alter the pathway of female hormones and produce more hormone sensitive breast cancer. But that needs further study.
So do the heart-health benefits outweigh the newly shown risk of breast cancer? Researcher Dr. Li says, "Each woman has to analyze her own risk factors to determine what alcohol will do to them."
In the meantime, if you still want your glass of red wine, the American Cancer Society recommends limiting alcohol consumption to one drink a day or less.
Spokeswoman Heather Spencer Feigelson says the bottom line is, the "risk of drinking one glass of red wine a day (is) very low; it's an individual choice." Cancer experts tell CNN every woman needs to balance her own risk of heart disease and breast cancer and decide for herself.
Treating Kids’ Colds Without Cough Syrup
 Manufacturers withdrew several infant cough medicines from store shelves today amid safety concerns. (David Paul Morris/Getty Images)Makers of cough and cold medicines for very young children announced they are pulling the products from retail shelves, The New York Times is reporting. The news is certain to startle parents who have long used the drugs to quiet the coughs of young children.
It’s no great loss. There’s no real evidence that these cough medicines work, and it is clear that in kids the drugs can cause unpleasant side effects such as agitation and sleep problems. If you’ve just given your infant a dose of Pediacare or Triaminic, however, there’s no need to panic. The health concerns appear to arise from parents accidentally giving their kids the wrong doses, or from using different medicines containing the same active ingredients.
The move today effects only major brands labeled specifically for infants, but the Food and Drug Administration still plans to review whether any of the drugs should be used in children under the age of six. Many parents are convinced, against all evidence, that these medicines are safe and effective. But it’s worth noting that now both an FDA safety panel and the industry’s own trade group agree that the products shouldn’t be used in very young children. So what to do for your kids?
A child’s cough can result from a simple cold or from a number of health concerns, including reflux, asthma, sinus infections or allergies. Because cough in kids can mean so many different things, parents should discuss a child’s cough with a doctor. But if the cause isn’t anything severe, fluids and a humidifier in the room can help soothe the cough. (For more information about cough and kids, I recommend www.drgreene.com, the Web site of pediatrician Dr. Alan Greene.)
This cold and flu season, it seems likely most parents will be falling back on the traditional remedies: liquids, rest, chicken soup…and lots of comfort.
|
|
| |
| |
| |
Kolestrol ilaçlarını 5 yıl düzenli kullanan kişide, kalp hastalığı riskinin büyük oranda azaldığı görüldü.
Glasgow Üniversitesi’nin 1989’dan beri yürüttüğü araştırma sonucunda kolestrol hapılarının mucizevi özellikleri ortaya çıktı. Araştırmada, 45-64 yaş arası yüksek kolestrol hastası 6 bin 500 erkek incelendi. Hastalara 5 yıl boyunca statin (kolesterol hapı) verildikten sonra kalp hastalığı riskinin büyük oranda azaldığı görüldü. Ardından gelen 10 yıllık sürede statin verilen hastalar herhangi bir ilaç kullanmadı. Ve kalp riskini ortadan kaldıran etkinin sabit kaldığı tespit edildi. Uzmanlar bu sürenin ömür sonuna kadar uzayabileceğini de belirledi.
Son dönemde yapılan araştırmalara göre statinler kolesterol düşürücü etkilerinin yanısıra şu etkilere de sahip:
* Damarların koruyucu tabakasını güçlendiriyor,
* İltihaplanmanın önüne geçiyor,
* Damar plakalarını sağlamlaştırıyor.
* Damarları tıkayacak pıhtıların oluşmasını engelliyor.
Bu ilaçlar bırakıldığında herhangi bir yan etki ise görülmüyor. Araştırmayı yürüten ekibin başındaki Profesör Stuart Cobbe, “Bu sonuçlar gerçekten şaşırtıcı. Ancak bu hap kullanan kişilerin, ilaç almayı bırakabilecekleri anlamına gelmiyor” dedi. Uzmanlara göre statinlerin bu etkileri sayesinde sadece İngiltere’de yılda 100 bin kişinin kalp hastalıklarından hayatını kaybetmesi engelleniyor.
|
The unexpected benefits of using magnetic nanoparticles in immunoassays |
| (Nanowerk Spotlight) In old movies, saying "the rabbit died," was a popular way for a woman to reveal she was pregnant. The belief was that the doctor would inject the woman's urine into a rabbit. If the rabbit died, she was pregnant. The rabbit test actually originated with the discovery that the urine of a pregnant woman - which contains the hormone Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) - would cause corpora hemorrhagica in the ovaries of the rabbit. These swollen masses on the ovaries could only be detected by killing the rabbit in order to exam its ovaries. So, in reality, every rabbit died whether the woman was pregnant or not. Fortunately (for rabbits in particular), immunoassays - which can detect hormones (such as hCG), antibodies and antigens in the blood - were developed in the 1950s. Radioimmunoassays were first used to detect insulin in blood, but were later used for a variety of diagnostic tests. The technique is extremely sensitive and specific, but the necessary radioactive substances make it risky and expensive. In the 1960s, immunoassay technology was greatly enhanced by replacing radioisotopes with enzymes for color generation, which eliminated the risk and a great deal of expense. Today, most immunoassays are Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay, or ELISA. Because it can evaluate the presence of antigen or antibody in a sample, ELISA is commonly used to test for HIV, Hepatitis B, and West Nile Virus. ELISA has also been used in the food industry to detect potential food allergens such as milk, nuts, and eggs. Although there are numerous variations of ELISA, the test basically involves an antigen attached to a solid surface. When the antibody is washed over the surface, it will bind to the antigen. The antibody is then linked to an enzyme - usually a peroxidase (enzyme that causes oxidation) - which reacts with certain substrates, resulting in a change in color that serves a signal. The evolution of immunoassays has continued with developments such as fluorimetric immunoassay (which has replaced the rabbits in pregnancy tests.) Now, scientists at the Chinese Academy of Science have discovered a way to improve the process even more by eliminating one of the steps in certain immunoassays. |
| "In order to increase sensitivity and decrease the noise of traditional biosensors, we have introduced a nanoparticle-based Sandwich ELISA into the system" Dr. Xiyun Yan explains to Nanowerk. "We did this by using two antibodies which were separately modified on golden and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). In general, iron oxide nanoparticles are considered to be inert, which is one of the characteristics that make them so useful for separation and imaging in biological systems. Binding iron oxide nanoparticles to metal catalysts or enzymes (such as peroxidases) gives them magnetic and catalytic properties." |
| Yan, a professor at the National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules in the Institute of Biophysics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) in Beijing, PR China, together with collaborators from CAS and Southeast University in Nanjing, shows that iron oxide nanoparticles are intrinsically active catalysts for oxidation reactions. The study has been published in the August 26, 2007 online edition of Nature Nanotechnology ("Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles"). |
 |
| Fe3O4 MNPs show peroxidase-like activity. A) TEM images of Fe3O4 MNPs of different sizes. B) The Fe3O4 MNPs catalyze oxidation of various peroxidase substrates in the presence of H2O2 to produce different color reactions. C) Immunoassays based on the peroxidase activity of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles. (Image: Prof. Yan/CAS) |
| "The magnetic properties allow separation of the target from a complex solution and the peroxidase assay can then be used to detect and quantify the amount of the target molecule" says Yan. According to the CAS scientists, Magnetic ELISA assays are already widely used for laboratory and diagnostic purposes. However, the difference when using the intrinsic activity of the MNPs compared to traditional ELISA, is that it cuts out the additional binding step with a secondary, enzyme-counjugated antibody. |
| According to Yan, an MD with expertise in immunology, she stumbled upon the finding while designing a new type of biosensor for medical diagnostic purposes. As part of this process, Yan wanted to attach the antibody that recognizes her biological target to magnetic nanoparticles. To test whether she had successfully immobilized the antibody on the MNPs, she used a secondary antibody with Horseradish peroxidase attached as a detection tool. |
| "In the process of doing control experiments, in which the peroxidase conjugated secondary antibody was omitted, we found that we could not get rid of the high background in the MNP assay, even if HRP was absent, and realized that the background HRP activity was coming from the MNPs themselves" says Yan. |
| The CAS scientist recognized that this discovery was potentially exciting, but was unsure whether it made sense from a material and chemical point of view. She discussed her surprising findings with Prof. Sishen Xie, a renowned expert in nanomaterials. Xie cautioned Yan to very carefully confirm whether the peroxidase activity was really coming from the nanoparticles themselves, rather than being caused by contaminants of MNPs during their preparation. As he suggested, Yan then used nanoparticles from two different labs, each preparing them in different sizes and using different methods. Later, Yan contacted Dr. Sarah Perrett – a co-author of the paper – who has a chemical background, and together they investigated the mechanism of the peroxidase-like activity of the MNPs. |
| The tests confirmed that the nanoparticles were active catalysts, and that the catalytic activity was greater in smaller particles. They also found that iron oxide nanoparticles are more stable over a variety of temperatures and varying levels of acidity, giving them an additional advantage over the traditional horseradish peroxidase. |
| Yan and her collaborators have already developed two novel immunoassays (one for hepatitis B and the other for myocardial infarction) that exploit this new discovery. Using the appropriate antibody, the nanoparticles capture the target molecule in solution and then a magnet is used to isolate the nanoparticles. With the simple addition of a peroxidase-sensitive dye, the solution changes from clear to blue in the presence of the nanoparticles. |
| According to the scientists, the stability, ease of production and versatility of the iron oxide nanoparticles makes them a powerful tool for a wide range of potential applications in medicine, biotechnology and environmental chemistry. |
| "The MNP assay would be worth developing commercially, because it is cheaper, faster, more direct and potentially more sensitive," says Yan. "As a matter of fact, we are already collaborating with a company to develop the MNP-based immunoassay and to apply MNPs for the treatment of wastewater." |
| In addition to the iron oxide nanoparticle catalyst activity, Yan says she has learned several other lessons from this study. "I think this study illustrates a couple of important points," she says. "One is that new and exciting discoveries often require an interdisciplinary approach – and the combination of both physical and biological knowledge. This study was involved cooperation between immunologists, protein chemists and physicists. This study also highlights the importance of following unexpected results, even when the result initially seems to be an annoying complication." |
It's not about dieting, it's about enjoying
Three-grain pilaf is a both mouth-watering dish and a contains a dose of healthy carbs
Let's change just one health habit a week -- shopping, cooking, and eating to meet that goal -- for four weeks?
After a month of making basic grains, fruit, and vegetables into staples using my recipes, you'll find it much easier to plan delicious, satisfying meals.
Try Laura Pensiero's four-week approach to transforming your eating habits!
Week One: Make a produce-aisle hit list
Eating more fruits and vegetables is one of the most important dietary habits you can adopt to prevent heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and hypertension and to manage your weight. Vegetables in particular will cost you little in the way of calories while offering huge health benefits.
Your weekly goal is to eat five to nine servings of fruits and veggies a day. That's not as challenging as it may seem. The serving sizes are reasonable one medium-size fruit, a half cup of cooked vegetables, three-quarters of a cup of 100-percent juice, one cup of raw leafy vegetables, a quarter cup of dried fruit.
Mix fruit into your breakfast cereal, add lettuce and tomato to your sandwich (with a side of a vegetable-based soup), eat a piece of fruit in the afternoon and a vegetable side at dinner, and you've taken care of at least five servings.
Before shopping, write down the names of five richly colored vegetables and fruits that you really like, then add to the list two that you're curious about and are willing to try.
Week Two: Defy your white flour urge
|
|
|
|
| |
Bugün 23 ziyaretçi (51 klik) kişi burdaydı! |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Read
VIDEO
